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HTML & CSS

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HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) are foundational technologies used to create and design web pages. Here's an explanation of each:

  1. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language):

    • Purpose: HTML is the standard markup language used to create the structure and content of web pages.

    • Functionality: It provides a set of tags or elements that define the different parts of a web page's content, such as headings, paragraphs, images, links, lists, forms, and more.

    • Usage: Developers use HTML to organize and structure the content of a webpage, forming the backbone or skeleton of the site.

    • Basic Syntax: HTML uses tags enclosed in angle brackets (<tag>) to define elements. For example, <h1> represents a top-level heading, <p> for paragraphs, <img> for images, etc.

    • Versioning: HTML5 is the latest version that introduces new elements, attributes, and APIs, allowing for more diverse and interactive web experiences.

  2. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):

    • Purpose: CSS is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation and appearance of HTML elements on a web page.

    • Functionality: It allows developers to control the layout, design, colors, fonts, and overall visual aspects of the webpage.

    • Usage: CSS separates the content (HTML) from its presentation, making it easier to apply consistent styles across multiple pages or an entire website.

    • Basic Syntax: CSS uses selectors to target HTML elements and then applies rules to those elements.
      1. This CSS code sets the color of all <h1> elements to blue and sets their font size to 24 pixels.
      2. Types of CSS: There are various types of CSS—inline, internal, and external. External CSS is often preferred as it allows styles to be stored in separate files, making maintenance and updates more efficient.

      4. Frameworks and Libraries: CSS frameworks like Bootstrap or CSS libraries such as SASS or LESS offer pre-written CSS rules and components to streamline development and create responsive, aesthetically pleasing designs.

      6. HTML and CSS work together: HTML defines the structure and content of a webpage, while CSS enhances its appearance and presentation, allowing developers to create visually appealing and user-friendly websites.

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